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05-Jun-2022

EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND FORENSIC SCIENCE

LAWKARO: EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND FORENSIC SCIENCE - LAWKARO

WHAT IS THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN INDIA, U.S.A. AND UK?

Criminal justice refers to a system in which criminals are arrested, investigated, and questioned. Then their guilt or innocence can be found through a series of procedural work that generally includes Police Station, Court, and Jail.

WHAT IS FORENSIC SCIENCE?

Forensic is a Latin word that derives its name, and it was a term that refers to the public examinations that were common in ancient times. Forensic science is the process of discovering the truth using scientific methods and usages.

The modern world uses these methods to locate the evidence:

DNA profiling
Requesting evidence via Blood sample
Examining the Hair Strand
Examine the deceased's body's skin, nails, and marks.
Chemical techniques are used to bring an end to crime scenes

There are many other methods to capture the criminal, including those mentioned above.

Locating the source
Examining cell phones
ISPs can help you find evidence

These are some modern methods that can determine the outcome of a crime. The modern methods can also locate the perpetrators of cybercrimes or other remote crimes.

DIFFERENT SUBJECTS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE

These subjects are included in Forensic science:

Forensic psychology
Toxicology forensics
Digital Forensic
Criminology can also be a subject

What do Forensic science, Criminal Justice and Forensic Science have in common?

Forensic science and criminal justice are two of the most popular degrees for those passionate about the criminal justice process. A degree in one of these fields could lead to a career as a law enforcement officer in many capacities, such as crime scene analysis or investigation or as a technician in forensic science.

While there are some similarities between the two fields of study, there are also stark differences that every student must be aware of. The following information will give you an overview of both fields and a side-by-side comparison.

SIDE-BY SIDE COMPARISON

Below is a side-by-side comparison of the criminal justice and forensic sciences. It includes information about future coursework, available specialisations, and possible career options. Before deciding which path to follow, anyone interested in pursuing a degree or certificate in one of these fields should familiarise themselves with the following comparison.

What is the difference between fields?

Criminal justice studies the theory and consequences of crimes. When examining law enforcement or prevention, it focuses on the sociological aspects of crime.

Forensic science refers to a field that uses existing scientific methods to analyse a crime and its evidence to provide details on its perpetrators or causes.

WHICH DEPARTMENT IS THE PROGRAM USUALLY LOCATED WITHIN AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION?

It all depends on the institution. In some schools, the criminal justice program might be located within the criminology department, and in others, it may be within the school of public relations. And in still others, it may be within the department of political science.

Although the forensic science degree might be offered by the department of criminal law or criminology in some cases, students should expect to be able to study courses in other departments that deal with natural sciences and laboratory work.

WHICH SPECIALISATIONS ARE AVAILABLE IN THE PROGRAM, IF ANY?

Students may be able, in certain cases, to pursue a criminal justice degree while also specialising in forensic science. Other specialisations include policing and homeland security, criminal behaviour, and emergency management.

Sometimes, forensic science is offered as a criminal law specialisation. However, in these cases, the program emphasises the breadth of forensic knowledge, while standalone forensic science degrees tend to focus on evidence-related lab science. Some specialisations include death investigation, DNA and serology.

WHAT IS THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, AND HOW DOES IT WORKS?

The Criminal Justice Paradigm is based on following elements:

This is the investigating agency that includes the work of detectives, police officers and administrative officials.
The court of law is the second category. This is where the public prosecutor/district attorney fights the case for the society after becoming aware of the charges framed and evidence produced against an accused person.
The judge is third, and he or she decides based on the evidence and facts presented whether the accused is guilty of the crime.
The prosecution must prove that the accused committed the crime beyond a reasonable doubt to be found guilty.
If the prosecution fails, the prosecution will give the benefit of the doubt to the accused, and he'll be released.

REFER TO A CASE

Arushi Talwar's murder case (2008) - The case remained unsolved. However, the parents of the deceased (Arushi, who was 13) were found guilty of her murder despite not having enough evidence.

This was a rare and unusual case. It is important to understand how the criminal justice system operates.

WHY STUDY CRIMINAL JUSTICE?

The study of criminal justice complements law studies and is not a separate field. Students who want to work in the criminal justice system should also have studied law under graduation. They can then choose to continue their studies in criminal justice or the wider field of criminology after graduation.

Criminal justice is a theory-based and practical subject. You will need to read 800+ pages to understand how the criminal court system works. This will involve analysing and shaping criminal justice policies according to local laws.

Justice is founded on the principle of doing right the wrong!' However, this does not mean that the implementing authorities have the power to abolish basic human rights. The procedure must comply with the fundamental Human Rights of not torturing or repealing an accused of his/her basic rights.

Below are some of the top schools that offer a Criminal Justice degree.

United Kingdom